Rules of Evidence Article 9

See Stormwind Rules of Evidence.

Rule 901. Authenticating or Identifying Evidence.
a. In General. To satisfy the requirement of authenticating or identifying an item of evidence, the person offering it must produce sufficient evidence to support a finding that the item is what he claims it is.

b. Examples. The following are examples only — not a complete list — of evidence that satisfies the requirement:
 * 1) Testimony of a Witness with Knowledge. Testimony that an item is what it is claimed to be.
 * 2) Nonexpert Opinion About Handwriting. A nonexpert’s opinion that handwriting is genuine, based on a familiarity with it that was not acquired for the current litigation.
 * 3) Comparison by an Expert Witness or the Trier of Fact. A comparison with an authenticated specimen by an expert witness or the trier of fact.
 * 4) Distinctive Characteristics and the Like. The appearance, contents, substance, internal patterns, or other distinctive characteristics of the item, taken together with all the circumstances.
 * 5) Opinion About a Voice. An opinion identifying a person’s voice — whether heard firsthand or through mechanical or magical transmission or recording — based on hearing the voice at any time under circumstances that connect it with the alleged speaker.
 * 6) Evidence About Public Records. Evidence that:
 * 7) (a) a document was recorded or filed in a public office as authorized by law; or
 * 8) (b) a purported public record or statement is from the office where items of this kind are kept.
 * 9) Evidence About a Process or System. Evidence describing a process or system and showing that it produces an accurate result.
 * 10) Methods Provided by a Statute or Rule. Any method of authentication or identification allowed by a statute or a rule prescribed by the Justices of the Court.

Rule 902. Subscribing Witness.
A subscribing witness’s testimony is necessary to authenticate a writing only if required by the law of the jurisdiction that governs its validity.